Caracterización clínico epidemiológico de la COVID-19 en pacientes de Gibara, Holguín, abril 2020 / Epidemic and clinical characterization of COVID-19 patients from Gibara, Holguin, April, 2020

Argelio Hernandez Pupo, Jose Rafael Escalona Aguilera, Delia Tamayo Parra, Diamela Hernández Mariño, Elizabeth Mairelis Hernandez Perez

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Resumen

Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento clínico epidemiológico en
pacientes portadores de la COVID-19 de Gibara, Holguín, durante
el período comprendido desde 1 hasta el 30 de abril de 2020.

Materiales y métodos: se realizó una investigación de serie de
casos, para caracterizar el comportamiento de la COVID-19 en
pacientes del municipio de Gibara, Holguín, durante el período
comprendido desde 1 hasta el 30 de abril de 2020. El universo
estuvo constituido por todos los casos confirmados con el virus
SARS-CoV2. Los datos fueron tomados de los informes estadísticos
de la Unidad Municipal de Higiene y Epidemiología y de la encuesta
aplicada a todos los pacientes.

Resultados: el estudio incluyó a 30 pacientes. Presentaron
evolución clínica estable 28 casos y falleció un paciente para una
tasa de letalidad del 3,33%; 14 de ellos resultaron asintomáticos
(46,66%). Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: tos y fiebre,
con 11 casos (36,66%), respectivamente; 26 pacientes fueron
autóctonos, contacto de caso positivo (86,67%). Los consejos
populares de la ciudad cabecera municipal presentaron el 80% de
los casos y una tasa del 31,15 por 105.

Conclusiones: la COVID-19 en Gibara tuvo un mayor
comportamiento en el sexo masculino y el grupo etario de 19 a
40 años. Más de las tres cuartas partes de los pacientes están
recuperados, más de la mitad estaban asintomáticos, la tos fue el
síntoma más presentado y los consejos populares de la ciudad de
Gibara, tuvieron más de las tres cuartas partes de los casos.

Palabras clave: COVID-19; epidemiología; sintomatología.

ABSTRACT

Objective: to characterize the epidemic and clinical behavior in
patients suffering from COVID-19 in Gibara, Holguín, in April 2020.

Materials and methods: a research of series of cases was carried
out to characterize the behavior of the COVID-19 in patients of the
municipality of Gibara, Holguín from April 1st to the 30th, 2020.
The universe was all the confirmed cases with SARS-CoV2 virus.
The data were taken from the statistical reports of the Municipal
Unit of Hygiene and Epidemiology, and from the survey applied to
all the patients.

Results: the study included 30 patients, 28 cases presented a
stable clinical evolution and there was a deceased, for a lethal rate
of 3,33%; there were 14 asymptomatic patients, which represents
46,66%. The most frequent symptoms were: cough and fever in
11 cases, 36.66%; 26 patients were autochthonous contacts of
positive cases (86,67%). The local neighborhoods from the city
center had 80% of the cases and a rate of 31.15 X 105.

Conclusions: the COVID-19 in Gibara had more influence in the
males, and the most affected age group was from 19 to 40. More
than three quarter of the patient are already recovered, more
than half were asymptomatic, the cough was the most common
symptom and the local neighborhhoods of the city had more than
three quarters of the cases.

Keywords: COVID-19; epidemiology; symptoms.

Palabras clave

coronavirus, epidemiología

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